Google serves some 80 percent of all search queries on the Internet, making it by far the most popular search engine. Its popularity is due not only to excellent search effectiveness, but also extensive querying capabilities. However, we should also remember that the Internet is a highly dynamic medium, so the results presented by Google are not always up-to-date – some search results might be stale, while other relevant resources might not yet have been visited by Googlebot (the automatic script that browses and indexes Web resources for Google).

Google query operators

a) site - restricts results to sites within the specified domain.
e.g. site:google.com fox will find all sites containing the word fox, located within the *.google.com domain

b) intitle – restricts results to documents whose title contains the specified phrase.
e.g. intitle:fox fire will find all sites with the word fox in the title and fire in the text

c) allintitle – restricts results to documents whose title contains all the specified phrases
e.g. allintitle:fox fire will find all sites with the words fox and fire in the title, so it’s equivalent to intitle:fox intitle:fire

d) inurl - restricts results to sites whose URL contains the specified phrase
e.g. inurl:fox fire will find all sites containing the word fire in the text and fox in the URL

e) allinurl restricts results to sites whose URL contains all the specified phrases
e.g. allinurl:fox fire will find all sites with the words fox and fire in the

f) filetype, ext restricts results to documents of the specified type
e.g filetype:pdf fire will return PDFs containing the word fire, while filetype:xls fox will return Excel spreadsheets with the word fox

g) link restricts results to sites containing links to the specified location
e.g. link:www.google.com will return documents containing one or more links to www.google.com